SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF CYANIDES

Some Physiological Actions of Cyanides

1. The physiological actions of HCN and its salts appear to be due (a) to the ease with which HCN molecules penetrate living cells and then ionizing, exert their influence by means of H ions and CN ions; (b) to the weakness of HCN as an acid, which permits at neutrality or at even slight alkalinity the presence of a considerable amount of free HCN molecules in the presence of their salts; (c) t...

Physiological actions of taurine.

Detoxication of Aromatic Cyanides

The toxicity, physiologic effects, and antidotes are the points emphasized in the existing literature on the cyanides; Giacosa and Baumann alone have been interested in their fate in the body. Reports are unanimous that the aliphatic cyanides split off hydrocyanic acid, and that toxicity is directly proportional to the rate at which this splitting occurs, while an increase in the excretion of t...

Structure and Physiological Actions of Ghrelin

Ghrelin is a gastric peptide hormone, discovered as being the endogenous ligand of growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid peptide presenting a unique n-octanoylation modification on its serine in position 3, catalyzed by ghrelin O-acyl transferase. Ghrelin is mainly produced by a subset of stomach cells and also by the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and other tissues. Tr...

Physiological actions of renal collecting duct endothelin.

THE CONTRIBUTION OF ENDOTHELIN to regulation of renal function under normal physiological conditions is unclear. Many cells in the kidney produce endothelin (9). Endothelin has been reported to have effects that both promote (2, 3, 5–7, 12–14, 16, 18) and reduce (2, 8, 13, 15) urinary sodium excretion and urinary volume. This may be due to the fact that endothelin exerts its effects via two rec...